HANNAH ARENDT ON “WORLDLESSNESS” AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY

Yosef Keladu Koten

Abstract


Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis ide Hannah Arendt, seorang filsuf politik keturunan Yahudi, bahwa kejahatan kemanusiaan tidak terpisahkan dari situasi dunia atau politik yang tidak manusiawi. Arendt menyebut situasi ini dengan istilah worldlessness, kondisi di mana warga negara dirampas hak-hak asasi mereka untuk memperoleh tempat tinggal yang layak, untuk dilindungi oleh negara serta untuk bertindak dan berbicara secara bebas. Menurut Arendt, situasi worldlessness ini berefek ganda karena dalam situasi seperti ini warga negara digiring, di satu pihak, untuk menjadi pelaku kejahatan; dan di lain pihak, menjadi sasaran kejahatan. Contoh konkretnya adalah peristiwa pembataian massal di Auschwitz, di mana Nazi sebagai pelaku dan orang-orang Yahudi sebagai korban. Mereka semua adalah korban dari kebijakan politik tidak manusiawi yang diterapkan oleh Adolf Hitler. Ide Arendt sesungguhnya menantang pemerintah untuk merancang strategi yang menyeluruh dalam mencegah dan mengatasi kejahatan kemanusiaan.

Keywords: “Worldlessness”, crimes against humanity, anti-Semitism, imperialism, “rightlessness”.

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31385/jl.v14i1.9.109-128

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